Shuwpagwe Qalawebateqo
Shuwpagwe Qalawebateqo | |
|---|---|
| Къалэбатыкъо Шупагуэ | |
 Coat of Arms of the Qalawebateqo clan | |
 Confederate Leader of Circassia (de jure) | |
| In office 1807–1827 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Ismail Berzeg (de facto) |
| Nickname | Son of Qalubat |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Circassian Confederation |
| Battles/wars | Russo-Circassian War |
Shuwpagwe Qalawebateqo (Adyghe: Къалэбатыкъо Шупагуэ) was a Circassian politician and military commander who served as the 1st leader of the Circassian Confederation from 1807 to 1827. He took part in the Russo-Circassian War.[1][2] Not much is recorded about Qalawebateqo.
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]Not much is recorded about Qalawebateqo, as Circassians did not write down their history, and all knowledge comes from Russian and British sources. He had a brother named Kushmud.[3] His exact birth date is not known. Of Circassian Natukhaj nobility, he was raised with a martial education.
Name
[edit]His name translates to "Shuwpagwe, son of Qalubat". In 1807, Shuwpagwe Qalawebateqo self-proclaimed himself as the leader of the Circassian confederation, and divided Circassia into 12 major regions.[4][5][6][7]
Participation in the Russo-Circassian War
[edit]Qalawebateqo was a respected person all around Circassia and fought in the Russo-Circassian War.[8]
Leadership
[edit]In 1807, Shuwpagwe Qalawebateqo self-proclaimed himself as the leader of the Circassian confederation, and divided Circassia into 12 major regions.[8][9][10] These regions were Shapsugo-Natukhaj, Abdzakh, Chemguy, Barakay, Bzhedug, Kabardo-Besleney, Hatuqway, Makhosh, Bashilbey, Taberda, Abkhazia and Ubykh.[8][9][10]
In 1827, Ismail Berzeg officially declared the military confederation of the Circassian tribes. By the end of 1839, he managed to unite a significant part of the population under his control.[11][12] His nominal reign therefore came to an end.
Death
[edit]His death circumstances are not recorded in Russian, British or Circassian sources, and remain unknown.
References
[edit]- ^ Хункаров, Д. Урыс-Адыгэ зауэ
- ^ A.Ü. Arşivi, XII.V, Çerkez tarihi liderleri
- ^ Bell, James Stanislaus (1840). Journal of a Residence in Circassia: During the Years 1837, 1838 and 1839 : in 2 Volumes. Moxon. p. 306.
- ^ Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya. İstanbul Matbaası.
- ^ Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya
- ^ KAFFED, Çerkes Özgürlük Meclisi
- ^ These regions were Shapsugo-Natukhaj, Abdzakh, Chemguy, Barakay, Bzhedug, Kabardo-Besleney, Hatuqway, Makhosh, Bashilbey, Taberda, Abkhazia and Ubykh.
- ^ a b c Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya. İstanbul Matbaası.
- ^ a b Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya
- ^ a b KAFFED, Çerkes Özgürlük Meclisi
- ^ Hatajuqua, Ali. "Hadji-Ismail Dagomuqua Berzeg, Circassian Warrior and Diplomat". Eurasia Daily Monitor. 7 (38).
- ^ D, S. Kronolojik Savaş Tarihi