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Sabinal Formation

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Coordinates: 17°18′N 97°42′W / 17.3°N 97.7°W / 17.3; -97.7
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Sabinal Formation
Stratigraphic range: Kimmeridgian to Valanginian
Typesedimentary
Unit ofTlaxiaco Basin
UnderliesTlaxiaco Formation
OverliesConsuelo Group, Tecocoyuncan Group
Lithology
PrimaryShale
OtherMudstone, wackestone, marl
Location
Coordinates17°18′N 97°42′W / 17.3°N 97.7°W / 17.3; -97.7
Approximate paleocoordinates11°36′N 49°42′W / 11.6°N 49.7°W / 11.6; -49.7
RegionOaxaca
Country Mexico
Sabinal Formation is located in Mexico
Sabinal Formation
Sabinal Formation (Mexico)

The Sabinal Formation is a Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous-aged geological formation in Oaxaca, Mexico. It preserves a highly diverse marine fauna.[1][2]

It was initially thought to only encompass the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian & Tithonian), but more recent studies have redefined it to cover the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian & Valanginian) as well. It is part of the Tlaxiaco Basin, a prominent structural basin in southern Mexico that accumulated both continental and marine sediments between the Early Jurassic and the Paleogene.[2] The most prolific site of the formation is the Kimmeridgian-aged Llano Yosobe site near Tlaxiaco.[1]

Vertebrate paleobiota

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Cartilaginous fish

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Cartilaginous fish of the Sabinal Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Planohybodus P. sp. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Teeth A hybodont.[1]

Ray-finned fish

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Ray-finned fish of the Sabinal Formation'
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Belonostomus B. ornatus Cerro de la Virgen Berriasian An aspidorhynchid.[3][4]
Gyrodus G. sp. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Teeth, partial skeleton A pycnodont. The most abundant vertebrate fossil in the formation.[1]
Nhanulepisosteus N. mexicanus Yosobé Kimmeridgian Partial cranium A gar, the earliest known from the fossil record.[5]
Otomitla O. mexicana Cerro de la Virgen Berriasian An ichthyodectiform.[4]
O. speciosa
Pleuropholidae indet. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Trunk with scales A pleuropholid.[1]
Pleuropholis P. cisnerosorum Yosobé Kimmeridgian Partial skull A pleuropholid.[6]
?Thrissops T. sp. Cerro de la Virgen Berriasian An ichthyodectiform.[4]
Vinctifer V. ferrusquiai Yosobé Kimmeridgian Parts of head and trunk An aspidorhynchid.[7]

Reptiles

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Crocodylomorphs

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Crocodylomorphs of the Sabinal Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Maledictosuchus M. nuyivijanan Yosobé Kimmeridgian Nearly complete cranium, jaws, and some vertebrae A metriorhynchid thalattosuchian. First record of this genus outside Europe.[8]
Torvoneustes T. mexicanus (=Plesiosaurus mexicanus, Cricosaurus mexicanus) Unknown, but most likely Yosobé Kimmeridgian Parts of cranium and jaws A metriorhynchid thalattosuchian. First record of this genus outside Europe.[9]

Turtles

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Turtles of the Sabinal Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Notoemys N. tlaxiacoensis Yosobé Kimmeridgian Nearly complete carapace with plastron A stem-group sideneck turtle.[10][11]

Plesiosaurs

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Plesiosaurs of the Sabinal Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Liopleurodon L. sp. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Partial jaw with teeth A pliosaur. First record of this genus outside Europe.[12]
Pliosauridae indet. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Vertebrae and ribs An indeterminate pliosaur. Remains appear to have been scavenged by Planohybodus.[12]

Ichthyosauria

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Ichthyosaurs of the Sabinal Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Ophthalmosauridae indet. Yosobé Kimmeridgian Vertebrae An ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e México~alvarado@geologia.unam.mx, Jesús Alvarado-Ortega~Universidad Nacional Autónoma de; México~j4ir@me.com, Jair Israel Barrientos-Lara~Universidad Nacional Autónoma de; Espinosa@geologia.unam.mx, Luis Espinosa-Arrubarrena~ Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México~; México~pilar_melgarejo@yahoo.com, María del Pilar Melgarejo-Damián~Universidad Nacional Autónoma de (2014-07-09). "Late Jurassic marine vertebrates from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/454. Retrieved 2025-01-27.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b Zell, Patrick; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang; Beckmann, Seija; Adatte, Thierry; Hering, Fabio (2015-10-01). "The Berriasian–Valanginian (Early Cretaceous) boundary transition at Santa Catarina Ticuá, Oaxaca state, southern Mexico: Ammonites, bivalves, calpionellids and their paleobiogeographic significance". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 62: 33–57. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2015.04.009. ISSN 0895-9811.
  3. ^ College~nvanvranken@sbcglobal.net, Nathan E. Van Vranken~Potomac State; College~cfielitz@ehc.edu, Christopher Fielitz~Emory & Henry; Center~Jebersole@mcwane.org, Jun A. Ebersole~McWane Science (2019-09-13). "New occurrences of Belonostomus (Teleostomorpha: Aspidorhynchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of the North American Gulf Coastal Plain, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/983. Retrieved 2025-01-27.
  4. ^ a b c GONZÁLEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, KATIA A.; FIELITZ, CHRISTOPHER; BRAVO-CUEVAS, VICTOR M.; BAÑOS-RODRÍGUEZ, ROCÍO E. (2016). "CRETACEOUS OSTEICHTHYAN FISH ASSEMBLAGES FROM MEXICO". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin (71).
  5. ^ Brito, Paulo M.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jésus; Meunier, François J. (2017-12-19). "Earliest known lepisosteoid extends the range of anatomically modern gars to the Late Jurassic". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 17830. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17984-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 29259200.
  6. ^ Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Brito, Paulo M. (2016-09-02). "A Jurassic pleuropholid fish (Teleostei, Pleuropholidae) in the Tethys Sea domain of North America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1201767. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1201767. ISSN 0272-4634.
  7. ^ Cantalice, Kleyton M.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Brito, Paulo M.; Cantalice, Kleyton M.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Brito, Paulo M. (2018). "On the occurrence of Vinctifer ferrusquiai sp. nov. (Actinopterygii, Aspidorhynchiformes) in the Kimmeridgian (Late Jurassic) deposits near Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, southern Mexico". Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas. 35 (2): 179–187. doi:10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2018.2.713. ISSN 1026-8774.
  8. ^ Barrientos-Lara, Jair I.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Fernández, Marta S. (2018-07-04). "The marine crocodile Maledictosuchus (Thalattosuchia, Metriorhynchidae) from the Kimmeridgian deposits of Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, southern Mexico". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (4): (1)–(14). doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1478419. ISSN 0272-4634.
  9. ^ Barriento Lara, Jair Israel; Herrera, Laura Yanina; Fernández, Marta Susana; Alvarado Ortega, Jesús (2016). "Occurrence of Torvoneustes (crocodylomorpha, metriorhynchidae) in marine jurassic deposits of Oaxaca, Mexico". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 19 (3): 415–424. doi:10.4072/rbp.2016.3.07. ISSN 1519-7530.
  10. ^ López-Conde, Oliver A.; Sterli, Juliana; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesus; Chavarría-Arellano, María L. (2017). "A new platychelyid turtle (Pan-Pleurodira) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Oaxaca, Mexico". Papers in Palaeontology. 3 (2): 161–174. doi:10.1002/spp2.1069. ISSN 2056-2802.
  11. ^ Conde, Oliver A. López; Ortega, Jesús Alvarado (2021-12-01). "New remains of Notoemys tlaxiacoensis from the Llano Yosobé, Sabinal Formation (Upper Jurassic, Kimmeridgian), Oaxaca, Mexico". Revista Paleontología Mexicana. 10 (2): 123–128. doi:10.22201/igl.05437652e.2021.10.2.306. ISSN 2007-5189.
  12. ^ a b Barrientos-Lara, Jair Israel; Fernández, Marta S.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Barrientos-Lara, Jair Israel; Fernández, Marta S.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús (2015). "Kimmeridgian pliosaurids (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, southern Mexic". Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas. 32 (2): 293–304. ISSN 1026-8774.
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